General
Scientific Names: Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf.
Common Names: Dong Shen,
Lu Dang Shen, Wen Dang Shen, Jing Dang Shen.
BOTANICAL:
   
来 源：
为桔梗科植物党参Codonopsis (pilosula Franch．) Nannf．的根。
植物特征：
草质藤本，有白色乳汁，具浓臭。叶卵形，长1～ 6．5cm，宽0．5～5cm，先端钝或微尖，基部近心形，边缘具波状钝齿，两面被疏或密的伏毛。花单生于枝端；花萼贴生至于房中部，上部5裂；花冠阔钟状，黄绿色，内面有紫斑，先端5浅裂；雄蕊 5，花丝花药近等长，雌蕊柱头有白色刺毛。蒴果短圆锥状。花期 7～9月，果期9～10月。生于山地林边及灌丛中。产山西、陕西、甘肃、四川、云南、贵州、湖北、河南、内蒙古及东北。
生药材鉴定：
根长圆柱状，中下部有时分枝，长15～40cm，直径 0．6～5cm。表面灰或灰棕色，有纵沟并疏生横长皮孔，上端5 ～10cm，部分有较细密的环纹，根头具疣状突起的茎痕，习称“狮子盘头”，破碎处常有黑褐色胶状物。质稍硬，断面皮部黄白色，多裂隙，木部淡黄色。气微香，味甘。
党参药材分西党、东党和潞党三种，均以根条肥大、粗实、皮紧、皱纹多者为佳。
Pharmacology
化学成分:
含苍术内酯Ⅰ、ⅢatractylenolideⅠ ，Ⅲ）、烟酸、 5- 羟基- 2- 甲氧基吡啶、党参酸、丁香甙、丁香醛、香草酸，以及植物甾醇、三萜类、单糖、多糖等。
Efficacy
Codonopsis pilosula was used as an adjuvant in 76 cancer patients during radiotherapy and its protective effect on hematopoietic and immunologic function was studied. Results: (1) No influence on Hb and WBC of the patients with radiotherapy. (2) It could reduce the immunosuppressive effect of radiotherapy on delayed hypersensitive reaction, the lymphocyte response to PHA and IL-2. (3) No difference between treated and control groups in most humoral immune indices such as IgG, IgA and C3, but had slight increase in IgM in treated patients, while significant decrease in control. (source)
The effects of eight kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs (CMH) on human lymphocytes was studied in vitro. The extract of Cinnamomum cassia presl markedly stimulated human lymphocytes to proliferate. Codonopsis pilosula, Oldenlandia diffusa and Rhizoma typhonii weakly stimulated. These extracts enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity, but failed to enhance natural killer (NK)-cell activity. The extracts of these CMHs have stimulatory effect on immunoglobulin (Ig) production by B-cells and interleukin(IL)-1 production by monocytes. These activities of Cinnamomun cassia presl extract are associated with glycoproteins, whose molecular weight was about 100 KDa. These results suggest that CMH extracts have a stimulating activity on human lymphocytes and these abilities could be used clinically for the treatment of diseases such as cancer. (source) IN VITRO:
- Shan BE, et al.,
Stimulating activity of Chinese medicinal herbs on human lymphocytes in vitro.
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1999 Mar; 21(3):149-59.
IN VIVO:
- Hu SK, et al.,
[Effect of the combination of Codonopsis pilosula and cyclophosphamide on the transplantable tumor and tumor-bearing mice].
Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1985 Oct; 5(10):618-21, 581. Chinese.
CLINICAL:
- Zneg XL, et a.,
[Immunological and hematopoietic effect of Codonopsis pilosula on cancer patients during radiotherapy].
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1992 Oct; 12(10):607-8, 581. Chinese.
Safety
宜忌: 有实邪者忌服。
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