General

Scientific Names: Mirabilitum

Common Names: Mang Xiao, Pen Xiao, Pu Xiao, Pi Xiao, Yuan Ming Fen.

BOTANICAL:

来 源： 为矿物芒硝 Mirabilite 经煮炼而得的精制结晶。

生药材鉴定：本品为棱柱状、长方形或不规则块状及粒状。无色透明或类白色半透明。质脆，易碎，断面呈下班样光泽。无臭，味咸。

Pharmacology

化学成分: 芒硝中主要成份為硫酸鈉sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ·10H 2 O)，尚含少量氯化鈉、氯化鎂、硫酸鎂、硫酸鈣等無機鹽。

Efficacy

IN VITRO:

1. De Castro Valente Esteves LI, et al., H19-DMR allele-specific methylation analysis reveals epigenetic heterogeneity of CTCF binding site 6 but not of site 5 in head-and-neck carcinomas: a pilot case-control analysis. Int J Mol Med. 2006 Feb; 17(2):397-404.
2. Farkas S, et al., Rapamycin decreases leukocyte migration in vivo and effectively reduces experimentally induced chronic colitis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2005 Oct 14.
3. Fackler MJ, et al., Quantitative multiplex methylation-specific PCR assay for the detection of promoter hypermethylation in multiple genes in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2004 Jul 1; 64(13):4442-52.
4. Steenbergen RD, et al., TSLC1 gene silencing in cervical cancer cell lines and cervical neoplasia. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Feb 18; 96(4):294-305.
5. Okamoto O, et al., Normal human keratinocytes bind to the alpha3LG4/5 domain of unprocessed laminin-5 through the receptor syndecan-1. J Biol Chem. 2003 Nov 7; 278(45):44168-77. Epub 2003 Aug 28.
6. Gon zalgo ML, et al., Rapid quantitation of methylation differences at specific sites using methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension (Ms-SNuPE). Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Jun 15; 25(12):2529-31.
7. Johnson PY, et al., Rapid size-exclusion chromatography of proteoglycans. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1997 Jan 10; 688(1):27-33.
8. Bay BH, et al., Cytosolic calcium mobilization concomitant with cell retraction induced by sulphate in oral KB carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res. 1996 Mar-Apr; 16(2):821-6.
9. Gregoire RC, et al., The effect of lowering faecal pH on the rate of proliferation of the normal colonic mucosa. Surg Oncol. 1992 Feb; 1(1):43-7.
10. Kashtan H, et al., Effects of sodium sulfate on fecal pH and proliferation of colonic mucosa in patients at high risk for colon cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Jun 6; 82(11):950-2.
11. Faff O, et al., Rapid formation of tight junctions in HT 29 human adenocarcinoma cells by hypertonic salt solutions. Exp Cell Res. 1988 Jul; 177(1):60-72.
12. Malberg K, et al., [A simple procedure for the reliable determination of free L-chains in the serum]. Folia Haematol Int Mag Klin Morphol Blutforsch. 1981; 108(4):553-8. German.
13. Notario A, et al., [Behavior of the utilization of sodium sulfate-S35 in the erythrocytes and blood platelets of leukemic subjects.] Haematologica. 1962; 47:916-28. Italian.
14. Weisberger AS, et al., Comparative incorporation of S35 l-cystine and S35 sodium sulfate by normal and leukemic leukocytes. Blood. 1955 May; 10(5):458-66.
    

IN VIVO:

1. Yaksh TL, et al., High dose of spinal morphine produce a nonopiate receptor-mediated hyperesthesia: clinical and theoretic implications. Anesthesiology. 1986 May; 64(5):590-7.
2. Samelson SL, et al., Protective role of faecal pH in experimental colon carcinogenesis. J R Soc Med. 1985 Mar; 78(3):230-3.
   

Safety

宜忌: 脾胃虛寒及孕婦忌服.