General
Scientific Names: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis .
Common Names: Zhi Zi,
Huang Zhi Zi, Da Hua Zhi Zi, Shan Zhi Zi.
BOTANICAL:
来 源:
为茜草科植物桅子Gardenia jasminoides Ellis的果实。
植物特征:
常绿丛枝灌木,幼枝绿色,有垢状毛。叶革质,长椭圆形或倒卵状放针形,长6—12厘米,宽2—5厘米,顶端渐尖,钝头,基部宽楔形,无毛。花大,白色,芳香,单生于枝端或叶腋;花萼5—7裂,裂片线形,长1—2厘米;花冠筒长2—3厘米,裂片5枚或较多;花丝短,花药线形;花柱粗厚,柱头扁宽。果实黄色,革质或带肉质,卵形或圆柱形,有5—7纵棱,顶端有宿存的萼裂片。花期6—8月,果期9-11月。
生药材鉴定:
果实椭圆形或长卵圆形,长1.5~3.5cm,直径1~1.5cm。表面红黄色或棕红色,具翅状纵棱5~8条,两棱间有纵脉1条,顶端有宿萼。果皮薄而脆;种子多数,扁长圆形,暗红色或红黄色。气微,味微酸而苦。
Pharmacology
化学成分: 含栀子甙(geniposide)、羟异栀子甙(gardenoside)、山栀甙(shanzhiside)、栀子新甙(gardoside)、栀子甙酸(geriposidic acid)、栀子黄素(gardenin)、番红花甙-Ⅰ(crocin-1)、番红花酸(cro-cetin)、鸡矢藤甙甲酯(scandoside methyl ester)等。
Efficacy
Crocetin is a major component in the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, a Chinese herbal medicine. In the work, we investigate the protective action and mechanism against benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-induced genotoxicity and neoplastic transformation with a non-toxic dose of crocetin (0.01-0.10 mM) for 1 hour prior to the administration of 0.1 mM B(a)P. B(a)P genotoxicity was inhibited significantly by crocetin in a dose responsive manner. Pretreating C3H10T1/2 cells with crocetin (0.1 mM) also caused a decrease in the covalent binding of B(a)P-diol-epoxide to DNA, to about half that of cells without crocetin treatment. Crocetin also inhibited B(a)P-induced transformations. When the culture was treated with crocetin (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 mM) for 7 days, the transformation frequencies were lower than that of the culture without crocetin treatment. Furthermore, pretreating cells with crocetin (0.01-0.10 mM) also caused an increase in the activity of GSH S-transferase (GST) to 18-71% that of the cells without crocetin treatment. These results suggest that the inhibition by crocetin of B(a)P-induced genotoxicity and neoplastic transformation in C3H10T1/2 cells is due to a mechanism that increases the activity of GST and decreases the formation of a B(a)P-DNA adduct. (source)
败毒抗癌,用于癌瘤积毒:
肝癌 栀子、板蓝根、天花粉各12克,苦参、丹皮、赤芍、玄参各9克,大黄6克,龙胆草、黄连各4.5克,茵陈、生地各15克 水煎2次,早、晚分服,每次冲服人工牛黄0.6克。能使不规则发热、肌肤黄染、消化道出血、胁胀腹痛等症状缓解,肝脾肿大软缩。
胰腺癌 栀子9克,蟾皮4.5克,大黄6克(后下),铁树叶、丹参、金钱草各15克,半枝莲、龙葵各30克 水煎服,日1剂。另用:荠菜45克,佛甲草30克 煎汤当茶饮。继续服用2~3个月能使疼痛发热、全身黄染、大便白色等症状减轻,小便增多,上腹部肿物消减,食欲增加。
宫颈癌 栀子、重楼、龙胆草各12克,大黄、甘草、赤芍各6克,黄芪、丹皮各9克,铁树叶、半枝连、败酱油草各15克 水煎2次,早、晚分服,日1剂。能使白带腥自、阴道出血等渐止;妇科复查,局部病灶消失,宫颈光滑。
白血病 栀子、当归、黄柏、黄芩、龙胆草各30克,芦荟、青黛、大黄各15克,木香9克 共研细末,炼蜜为丸,丸重9克,每服1丸,日3次,逐渐增加至每服2丸。能使慢性粒细胞性白血病各种症状完全缓解,缓解期最短1个月,最长1个以上,平均5个月,病程短者疗效更好。鼻咽癌 栀子、黄芩、龙胆草、当归、泽泻各9克,柴胡、木通、车前子、生甘草各6克,生地15克 水煎2次分服,日1剂。同时局部用山苦瓜液:山苦瓜10克 切碎浸于75%酒精25毫升加蒸馏水25毫升中,3天后,再加蒸馏水20毫升,搅匀,用消毒纱布过滤,加甘油20毫升,滴鼻。继续3周后,咽肿头痛好转,鼻孔通顺,颈部肿物缩小,情况好转,恢复饮食。
唇癌 栀 子、僵蚕、藿香、甘草各9克,蜈蚣、全蝎各6克,生石膏、防风各12克 水煎3次分服,日1剂。另外用蟾酥饼:蟾酥1.5克,麝香0.3克,樟脑3克,朱砂、巴豆霜各6克,轻粉9克,乳香、没药、雄黄各15克 共为细末,用陈醋调匀,润敷癌瘤处。可结合放射治疗,直至癌瘤消除。
胃癌 郁金、杷子、半夏各9克,佛手、黄连各3克,旋复花(包)、枳壳(炒)各6克,北沙参、丹参、全瓜蒌、代赭石各15克,芦根、石打穿各30克 水煎服。继续服用,能使火郁烦闷、呕吐胀痛、板硬拒按、大便干黑等症状缓解,病灶消减,恢复饮食。
肺癌 栀子(炒)、生地、麦冬、百部、北沙参、王不留行、地榆各12克,五味子3克,徐长卿、蒲公英各15克,紫草根、石打穿各30克 水煎2次分服,每次送服复方斑螯片1片(每片含斑螯0.015克,木能、车前子各0.027克,滑石0.03克)。连续服用,坚持治疗,每3个月胸片复查1次,病灶能逐渐缩小,两年后症状可基本消失。 (source)
IN VITRO:
- Chang WC, et al., Inhibitory effect of crocetin on benzo(a)pyrene genotoxicity and neoplastic transformation in C3H10T1/2 cells.
Anticancer Res. 1996 Nov-Dec; 16(6B):3603-8.
Safety
宜忌:
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